A useful report on the health and prospects of sixteen disciplines, ranging from such traditional sciences as anthropology and political science to such recent ones as cybernetics and game theory. Each field is examined as to its proper content, methods, current results, present controversies and terminological difficulties. The authors offer assessment and a limited bibliography for each, as well as a guide to more general literature on behavioral science. It is suggested that inadequate understanding of modern scientific methods and confusion (...) over terms prevail, but that hope lies in the direction of interdisciplinary effort.—N. S. C. (shrink)

A collection of 19 essays by 16 philosophers critical of the merits of linguistic analysis. Everything has appeared previously. The editor's hope is to provide samples of criticism which might "create a somewhat less one-sided impression of the course of recent philosophy than prevails in many quarters at present." The essays settle, roughly, around two themes: the worth of appeals to ordinary language, and consequences for problems in the philosophy of mind. Contributors include Broad, Blanshard, Quine, Kneale, Black, Campbell, Findlay, (...) Hampshire, Ayer.--N. S. C. (shrink)

Social philosophy with heady aims. The author sets out to "reconstruct the ontology of natural society," i.e., to develop a scheme that copes with all aspects of man qua social being. The chief influences are perhaps Whitehead and Aristotle. The upshot seems largely a program, leaning on a "functional" view of the mind, and a principle of evolution.—N. S. C.

This book contains detailed Colet scholarship, translations of marginalia in Colet's copy of Ficino's Epistolae and correspondence between the two men, an essay on their intellectual and biographical relations, and supporting appendices. The author describes Colet's career, suggests an ordering of his works, and argues that Colet neither met Ficino nor agreed with his theology.—N. S. C.

The results of the Oberlin Colloquium of 1962, featuring papers by Warnock on Austin's correspondence theory of truth, Prior on some epistemic puzzles, symposia papers by Searle on speech-act theories of meaning, Garver on Wittgenstein's use of criteria, and Castañeda on the private language argument. Commentators on the latter include Vendler, Benacerraf, Ginet, Siegler, Ziff, Chappell and J. F. Thomson.—N. S. C.

The proceedings of an international colloquium held at Helsinki in 1962, containing twenty papers likely to further debate in the title areas. Contributors include Anderson, Geach, Hintikka, Lemmon, Marcus, Montague, Prior, Rescher and others.—N. S. C.

The Lindley Lecture, in which Brandt argues against the view that the proper business of moral philosophy is chiefly the descriptive analysis of everyday uses of ethical terms.—N. S. C.

This anthology includes twelve essays, the editor's introduction, and a bibliography. Two new or nearly new things here: Warnock's translation of an Austin essay originally written in French, plus a discussion of it by American, English and French philosophers, and Linsky's "Reference and Referents," one part short of being previously unpublished. Also included: a second article by Austin, two essays by Ryle, and articles by Rhees, Strawson, Urmson, Cartwright, Hall, Searle, and Toulmin and Baier. In his introduction, the editor misses (...) his chance to sketch relations among the essays or to put the problems discussed in some type of perspective.--N. S. C. (shrink)

Chiefly a treatment of two problems in the philosophy of history: the nature of historical understanding, and its bearing upon political life, science and philosophy. As regards the first, the author proposes an account of what it is to follow an "evidenced narrative." The burden of discussion of the second is to argue for positive uses of historical understanding, including its capacities for moral guidance, and its use for appreciating how philosophical problems may be clarified.—N. S. C.

A source book offered chiefly as a text for courses in the philosophy of science, containing 27 specimen explanations by historical and contemporary figures grouped under five headings: Pre- and early-scientific explanations ; Physics ; Biology ; Motivation, Behavior and Personality ; and Sociology and History. The editor provides brief introductions for each section and a bibliography. The collection, strange to say, includes no philosophical studies of the nature of explanation.--N. S. C.

Papers and discussions on the title theme in either English or French from a meeting of the International Institute of Philosophy held at Oxford. There are papers by Ryle, Findlay, Calogero, Ayer, Ingarden, Zaragüeta, Perelman and Passmore, plus a "rapport de synthèse" by Devaux, and the meeting's opening and closing remarks by the President, Kotarbinski. The discussions following the papers are sometimes lively, though at other times they reflect not only philosophical dissension but a lack of communication.--N. S. C.

A discussion of the development of the idea of history in Western thought, some current views of the nature of history and the condition of contemporary American academic history. The author rejects such views as that history is a science and that historical interpretation improves with greater distance in time from past events, and criticizes excessive specialization in the structure of graduate education in history and the prevailing canons of historical writing. He writes that today we have "better training, more (...) resources, more monographs, more historians, and, generally speaking, worse history."—N. S. C. (shrink)